Option 1: Transaction Processing Systems (HSC Question 25)
Information systems that collect, store, modify and retrieve records of transactions are transaction processing systems. A transaction is an event that generates or modifies data that is eventually stored in an information system. Transaction processing systems meet record keeping and event tracking needs. In addition, analysing data stored in transaction processing systems may meet the information needs of end user(s). This option focuses on the information process of storing/retrieving and the other information processes that are important in transaction processing.
characteristics of transaction processing systems
• a transaction – a series of events important to an organisation that involve a request, an acknowledgement, an action and an outcome
• the components of a transaction processing system *
• batch transaction processing – the collection and storage of data for processing at a scheduled time or when there is sufficient data
• real time transaction processing – the immediate processing of data
• the significance of data validation in transaction processing
• the historical significance of transaction processing as the first type of information systems
types of transaction processing systems
• web-based
• non web-based
• on-line real time
• batch
• systems that appear real time, responding as the transactions occur, but where the actual updating is batch processed, such as credit card transactions
storing and retrieving in transaction processing systems
• storage of digital data in databases and files
• retrieval of stored data to conduct further transaction processing such as printing invoices
• systems to store paper records of transactions
• data backup and recovery *
• updating in batch systems *
• updating in on-line real time systems *
other information processes in transaction processing systems
• collecting in transaction processing
• analysing data, in which output from transaction processing is input to different types of information systems
issues related to transaction processing systems
• changing nature of work and the effect on participants
• the need for alternative procedures to deal with transactions when the TPS is not available
• bias in data collection
• the importance of data in transaction processing
• control in transaction processing and the implications it has for participants in the system
• current and emerging trends in transaction processing
Notes - * for more detail please see pages 41 - 43 of the BOS IPT Syllabus document and page 9 of the IPT course specifications document
Wednesday, October 7, 2009
Monday, October 5, 2009
Revision of HSC topic three
HSC Topic 3 - Communication Systems
When participants within the information system have a need to transmit and receive data or information, the type of system required is a communication system. Communication systems support people who are working together, by enabling the exchange of data and information electronically. The information processes of transmitting and receiving are of primary importance but the other processes must also be considered when relevant because all of the information processes play a role in communication systems.
characteristics of communication systems
• communication systems as being those systems which enable users to send and receive data and information
• the framework in which communication systems function *
• the functions performed within the communication systems in passing messages between source and destination
• the roles of protocols in communication
• the client–server model
examples of communication systems
• teleconferencing systems
• messaging systems **
• other systems dependent on communication technology such as:
– e-commerce
– EFTPOS
– electronic banking
transmitting and receiving in communication systems
• transmission media (wired ** and wireless **)
• characteristics of media in terms of speed, capacity, cost and security
• communication protocols
• strategies for error detection and error correction
• network topologies
• the functions performed by hardware components ** used in communication systems
• characteristics of network operating software
• similarities and differences between the Internet, intranets and extranets
other information processes in communication systems
• collecting
• processing *
• displaying
managing communication systems
• network administration tasks *
issues related to communication systems
• security
• globalisation
• changing nature of work
• interpersonal relationships
• e-crime
• legal
• virtual communities
• current and emerging trends in communications **
Notes:
* See the BOS HSC syllabus for IPT - pages 36 -39
** See IPT Course Specifications Document - page 8
When participants within the information system have a need to transmit and receive data or information, the type of system required is a communication system. Communication systems support people who are working together, by enabling the exchange of data and information electronically. The information processes of transmitting and receiving are of primary importance but the other processes must also be considered when relevant because all of the information processes play a role in communication systems.
characteristics of communication systems
• communication systems as being those systems which enable users to send and receive data and information
• the framework in which communication systems function *
• the functions performed within the communication systems in passing messages between source and destination
• the roles of protocols in communication
• the client–server model
examples of communication systems
• teleconferencing systems
• messaging systems **
• other systems dependent on communication technology such as:
– e-commerce
– EFTPOS
– electronic banking
transmitting and receiving in communication systems
• transmission media (wired ** and wireless **)
• characteristics of media in terms of speed, capacity, cost and security
• communication protocols
• strategies for error detection and error correction
• network topologies
• the functions performed by hardware components ** used in communication systems
• characteristics of network operating software
• similarities and differences between the Internet, intranets and extranets
other information processes in communication systems
• collecting
• processing *
• displaying
managing communication systems
• network administration tasks *
issues related to communication systems
• security
• globalisation
• changing nature of work
• interpersonal relationships
• e-crime
• legal
• virtual communities
• current and emerging trends in communications **
Notes:
* See the BOS HSC syllabus for IPT - pages 36 -39
** See IPT Course Specifications Document - page 8
Sunday, October 4, 2009
Revision of HSC topic two
HSC Topic 2 - Information Systems and Databases
Information systems are computer systems that support end users, giving them access to the information. For a large number of information systems, the data is held in databases and access is via database management systems. Information systems perform a variety of tasks and while all of the information processes are represented in information systems, the processes of organising, storing and retrieving with database systems and hypermedia should be emphasised.
information systems - characteristics of an information system and different types of and purposes for information systems.
database information systems
• school databases holding information on teachers, subjects, classrooms and students
• the RTA holding information on automobiles and holders of drivers licences
• DVD hire stores holding information on borrowers and videos
organisation
• non-computer methods of organising
• computer based methods of organising
• the advantages and disadvantages of computer based and non-computer based organisation methods
• the logical organisation of flat-file databases
• the logical organisation of relational databases
• data modelling tools for organising databases
• choose and justify the most appropriate type of database, flat-file or relational, to organise a given set of data
• create a simple relational database from a schematic diagram and data dictionary
• populate a relational database with data
• describe the similarities and differences between flat-file and relational databases
• create a data dictionary for a given set of data
• create documentation, including data modelling, to indicate how a relational database has been used to organise data
• demonstrate an awareness of issues of privacy, security and accuracy in handling data
• the logical organisation of hypermedia
• tools for organising hypermedia
storage and retrieval
• database management systems (DBMS)
• direct and sequential access of data
• on-line and off-line storage
• centralised and distributed databases
• storage media
• encryption and decryption
• backup and security procedures
• tools for database storage and retrieval
– extracting data through searching and sorting
– selecting data from a relational database using Query by Example (QBE) and Structured Query
Languages (SQL) the commands:
- select
- from
- where
- order by
• tools for hypermedia search and retrieval
• reporting on data found in hypermedia systems
other information processes for database information systems
• displaying
issues related to information systems and databases
• acknowledgment of data sources
• the Freedom of Information Act
• privacy principles
• quality of data
• accuracy of data and the reliability of data sources
• access to data, ownership and control of data
• data matching to cross link data across multiple databases
• current and emerging trends in the organisation, processing, storage and retrieval of data
(See Course Specifications Document)
***A reminder that all of the digital resources used during the course can be accessed through the Year 12 IPT Class Page in MyClasses***
Information systems are computer systems that support end users, giving them access to the information. For a large number of information systems, the data is held in databases and access is via database management systems. Information systems perform a variety of tasks and while all of the information processes are represented in information systems, the processes of organising, storing and retrieving with database systems and hypermedia should be emphasised.
information systems - characteristics of an information system and different types of and purposes for information systems.
database information systems
• school databases holding information on teachers, subjects, classrooms and students
• the RTA holding information on automobiles and holders of drivers licences
• DVD hire stores holding information on borrowers and videos
organisation
• non-computer methods of organising
• computer based methods of organising
• the advantages and disadvantages of computer based and non-computer based organisation methods
• the logical organisation of flat-file databases
• the logical organisation of relational databases
• data modelling tools for organising databases
• choose and justify the most appropriate type of database, flat-file or relational, to organise a given set of data
• create a simple relational database from a schematic diagram and data dictionary
• populate a relational database with data
• describe the similarities and differences between flat-file and relational databases
• create a data dictionary for a given set of data
• create documentation, including data modelling, to indicate how a relational database has been used to organise data
• demonstrate an awareness of issues of privacy, security and accuracy in handling data
• the logical organisation of hypermedia
• tools for organising hypermedia
storage and retrieval
• database management systems (DBMS)
• direct and sequential access of data
• on-line and off-line storage
• centralised and distributed databases
• storage media
• encryption and decryption
• backup and security procedures
• tools for database storage and retrieval
– extracting data through searching and sorting
– selecting data from a relational database using Query by Example (QBE) and Structured Query
Languages (SQL) the commands:
- select
- from
- where
- order by
• tools for hypermedia search and retrieval
• reporting on data found in hypermedia systems
other information processes for database information systems
• displaying
issues related to information systems and databases
• acknowledgment of data sources
• the Freedom of Information Act
• privacy principles
• quality of data
• accuracy of data and the reliability of data sources
• access to data, ownership and control of data
• data matching to cross link data across multiple databases
• current and emerging trends in the organisation, processing, storage and retrieval of data
(See Course Specifications Document)
***A reminder that all of the digital resources used during the course can be accessed through the Year 12 IPT Class Page in MyClasses***
Thursday, March 5, 2009
Communication Systems - ATMs and EFTPOS
In our double-period on Thursday you were asked to visit the howstuffworks.com website to examine how ATMs work.
HowStuffWorks.com - "How ATMs Work"
Be sure to watch the introductory video in this section as Professor Marshall Brain presents an excellent overview of the internal components of this useful device.
Read these tips on common ATM scams to get a better understanding of the types of data that are important to the proper functioning of the system.
Wikipedia has a very good summary of the internal features of ATMs.
Other interesting links:
How ATMs work - another description
Powerpoint presentation on ATMs
Emerging technologies - Cashless ATMs and "Are ATMS growing obsolete?"
What is EFTPOS?Follow the link to an article by R. Kayne that describes Electronic Fund Transfer Point of Sale systems.
In your notes you should outline the Hardware, Software and Data/Information for each of these two systems as well as identifying the components that allow it to function as a communication system.
Explain how each of these systems can be part of a communication system and part of a transaction processing system.
Other EFTPOS related links:
Wikipedia - Point of sale
Wikipedia - Electronic funds transfer
Wikipedia - Electronic payment services
Tuesday, March 3, 2009
Communication Systems
In period 3 today (3/3/09 - Day 7) we covered the following:
1. Protocols - At this point in the course I would like to introduce you to a nice little on-line reference tool called Webopedia. This on-line technology encyclopedia can be used to find meanings of words used in all of the topics in IPT. Bookmark this one, it's a keeper!
2. Error detection (Error checking) - The Betts Computers Moodle Site offers a fantastic sub-course on Error Checking located in the Communication Systems topic. Please read this material, attempt the example questions and post questions regarding this material to this blog.
3. Network Operating System - Use this definition from Wikipedia.
You have probably been told not to rely on the accuracy of Wikipedia... I would suggest to you that it is a great place to get started. The first reason is that most of the entries have their sources documented in a bibliography so by starting here you get a rough idea of the basic concepts that you are researching. At the end of each Wiki entry you will be provided with a number of suggested sites that you can use to verify the authenticity of the information presented. Finally, if the information proves to be incorrect you always have the option to contribute or comment.
Remember to "Publish or Perish" - All members of this class are encouraged to comment, ask questions and to interact with the material presented. I look forward to reading your posts.
Mr. Goodwin
1. Protocols - At this point in the course I would like to introduce you to a nice little on-line reference tool called Webopedia. This on-line technology encyclopedia can be used to find meanings of words used in all of the topics in IPT. Bookmark this one, it's a keeper!
2. Error detection (Error checking) - The Betts Computers Moodle Site offers a fantastic sub-course on Error Checking located in the Communication Systems topic. Please read this material, attempt the example questions and post questions regarding this material to this blog.
3. Network Operating System - Use this definition from Wikipedia.
You have probably been told not to rely on the accuracy of Wikipedia... I would suggest to you that it is a great place to get started. The first reason is that most of the entries have their sources documented in a bibliography so by starting here you get a rough idea of the basic concepts that you are researching. At the end of each Wiki entry you will be provided with a number of suggested sites that you can use to verify the authenticity of the information presented. Finally, if the information proves to be incorrect you always have the option to contribute or comment.
Remember to "Publish or Perish" - All members of this class are encouraged to comment, ask questions and to interact with the material presented. I look forward to reading your posts.
Mr. Goodwin
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